Abu Dhabi Grand Prix in the ground-effect era

The Abu Dhabi Grand Prix, serving as the Formula 1 season finale during the ground-effect era (2022-2025), uniquely demonstrated how the revised Yas Marina Circuit layout, combined with the tunnel-floor aerodynamics, consistently favored teams that mastered high-speed stability and efficient low-drag performance. This permanent circuit, with its blend of long straights and a more flowing middle sector after its 2021 modifications, presented a distinct challenge for the new generation of cars. The regulations, which reintroduced tunnel-floor ground effect and mandated 18-inch wheels, aimed to promote closer racing. At Yas Marina, however, the emphasis remained on aerodynamic efficiency through its multiple DRS zones and the ability to carry speed through the sweeping corners, a characteristic that often distinguished the leading contenders.

The ground-effect cars, designed to generate significant downforce from their underbodies, found a natural home on Abu Dhabi's smooth asphalt. Teams that effectively managed the porpoising phenomenon, prevalent in the early stages of this era, gained a considerable advantage, particularly on the long main straight and the run down to Turn 5. The simplified front wings, another hallmark of these regulations, meant that mechanical grip and precise setup for the slower, technical final sector became even more critical. This balance between outright straight-line speed and cornering prowess was paramount. While the intention of the FIA's technical regulations was to level the playing field, the Abu Dhabi circuit often highlighted the performance gaps, especially in the hands of a well-optimized package.

Red Bull Racing, with its dominant RB18 and RB19 chassis, exemplified this mastery throughout the 2022 and 2023 seasons. Max Verstappen's performances at Yas Marina during this period were a testament to a car concept that excelled in both high-speed efficiency and consistent tyre management, a crucial factor with the larger 18-inch Pirelli tyres. The circuit's demands—balancing downforce for the faster sections with the need for strong traction out of the slower corners—played directly into Red Bull's strengths. This contrasts somewhat with the challenges faced at circuits like the Spanish Grand Prix in the ground-effect era, where the older, more technical layout initially presented different setup priorities for the same car generation.